Automation Status Report Video

Automation Status Report Video

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Self-Check in SAP TAO

Self-Check in SAP TAO

You use the Self Check function to verify that all the prerequisites for executing SAP Test Acceleration and Optimization have been met.

1. Open SAP TAO

2. Click on Configuration

3. Selcet Self-Test Tab

4. To start checking the prerequisites, choose Start

Ensure that all the checks are Green before using SAP TAO

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SAP TAO License

SAP TAO License

After Installing SAP TAO ---->>

Double Click on SAP TAO Desktop Icon.

In the below figure License is not Enabled

To Enable SAP TAO License:

Click on Configuration Tab.

  

Click on License Tab

  

Select Solution Manager from SAP Systems list.

Enter the Solution Manager Credentials and Click on Test SAP Connection.

Click on Check for License

License “ENABLED” as shown in Fig.

Click on Save

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SAP TAO Installation:

SAP TAO Installation:

Double Click on Setup.exe

Click On Next

Click On Next

Click On Next

Click on OK 

Click on Close

This is end of SAP TAO Installation

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Different Tabs in SAP TAO 2.0

Different Tabs in SAP TAO 2.0

1. Process Flow Analyzer (PFA)
2. Inspection 
3. Consolidation 
4. Import/Export 
5. Change Analyzer
6. Repository 
7. Connect

8. Self-Check

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SAP TAO 2.0 Advantages

1.The highly secure and mission-critical nature of enterprise resource planning (ERP) data requires many SAP customers to test their ERP applications and business processes regularly.Manual testing is time-consuming, and frequently requires a team of experienced quality assurance (QA) professionals. Subject matter experts also often need to spend a lot of time communicating the process data flow to testers. 

2.SAP Test Acceleration and Optimization streamlines the creation and maintenance of ERP business process testing. 

3.SAP Test Acceleration and Optimization helps QA specialists to break down an application into components which are: 

Assembled into test cases in a simple interface, using drag and drop 
Parameterized for flexible reuse, such as reusing a test that has updated data 
Maintained easily and inexpensively, even when screens, flows, or service packs change 
SAP Test Acceleration and Optimization is designed for SAP-GUI-based applications. SAP Test Acceleration and Optimization users should be experienced quality managers who are familiar with the SAP Quality Center application by HP, SAP GUI ERP applications, and business process testing. 

4.Automatic testing with SAP Test Acceleration and Optimization maximizes: 

Testing deployment :
SAP Test Acceleration and Optimization, with SAP Quality Center, dramatically reduces the amount of time required to build and execute test scripts. 

Reuse :

SAP Test Acceleration and Optimization eliminates the need to create new tests whenever a component changes. If one component in a group of tests changes, replace that component, and re-consolidate the tests. 

Maintenance:

SAP Test Acceleration and Optimization records component parameters. It provides a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet to save parameters for reuse and maintenance. SAP Test Acceleration and Optimization helps you to determine the need for repairs, and helps you to repair your components. 

Robustness:

The SAP Test Acceleration and Optimization inspection process ensures that SAP Test Acceleration and Optimization tests are more robust during changes. Inspection examines the data in a component, not just the screen object behavior.

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SAP TAO Features

SAP TAO 2.0 Features are:- 

1.Process Flow Analyzer 
2.Inspection 
3.Consolidation 
4.Export/Import 
5.Repository 
6.Self Check

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Prerequisites for SAP TAO 2.0

Prerequisites for SAP TAO 2.0 SP03 (Service Pack 03) installations:

1. SAP Test Acceleration and Optimization agent (known as TAO agent) for ABAP

SAP Test Acceleration and Optimization is integrated with the solution tool plug-in (ST-PI) that you need to install in the managed system. We recommend that you install the latest version of ST-PI.

2. SAP GUI

You need a valid and running SAP GUI installation in your local workstation.

3. SAP Solution Manager

SAP Test Acceleration and Optimization requires a connection to the SAP Solution Manager instance (as of SP 20), to get a license and store SAP Test Acceleration and Optimization-related information. If you’re SAP Solution Manager does not have SP 20, update it to SP 20 or higher. If this is not possible, contact your local SAP representative to find a way of licensing SAP Test Acceleration and Optimization.

4. SAP Quality Center

You need a running SAP Quality Center instance in your landscape (release 9.2, 10) with the following business process testing modules:

HP Quality Center Connectivity add-in

HP Quality Center System Test Remote Agent add-in

5. QuickTest Professional

You need QuickTest Professional (9.5, 10) on your local workstation, and the following QuickTest Professional add-ins from the HP Quality Center - Add-ins page at

QuickTest Professional add-in


QuickTest Professional for Business Process Testing add-in

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SAP TAO 2.0

SAP TAO 2.0

SAP Test Acceleration and Optimization 2.0

SAP TAO 2.0 Tool is an SAP Automation Testing Tool which works based on Business Process Testing (BPT) by using QTP and QC

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Introduction & Testing Process of SAP TAO

Introduction & Testing Process of SAP TAO

Introduction of TAO:-

The SAP Test Acceleration and Optimization (SAP TAO) software streamlines the creation and maintenance of ERP business process testing.

SAP TAO helps QC Analyst to break down the applications into components, which can be

• Assembled into test cases through a simple interface using drag and drop.
• Parameterized for flexible reuse, such as reusing a test that has updated data inputs.
• Maintained easily and inexpensively, even when screens, flows, or service packs change.

Testing Optimization benefits:-

Automated Testing with SAP TAP maximizes:

• Testing Deployment: - SAP TAO, in tandem with HP QC, dramatically reduces the amount of time required to build and execute the test scripts.

• Reuse: - SAP TAO eliminates the need to create new test whenever a component changes. If one component changes in a group of tests. Just replace that component and then re-consolidate the tests.

• Maintenance: - SAP TAO allows you to record component parameters. SAP TAO provides Microsoft excel spreadsheet to save parameters for reuse and maintenance. You can also move components from HP QC to SAP TAO for additional backup possibilities.

Process Testing with SAP TAO: -

Below Process describes how to test a simple business process with SAP TAO and HP Quality Center. It assumes that you can access a SAP back-end server that executes the business process transactions you are testing, access to HP Quality Center, and a properly installed and connected SAP TAO Client on your desktop.

1. Discuss the process flow with the subject matter expert.
2. Create a business process test case with detailed steps.
3. Run the steps manually within the test application to make sure the application generates without errors or warning messages.
4. Open HP Quality Center to view the list of your selected components.
1. Drag and drop the transactions in the order that they occur in the business process.
2. HP Quality Center includes a list of common screen commands, such as Open, Enter, and Exit. Move the screen commands using drag and drop as needed.
5. Parameterize the data in the Excel spreadsheet or the HP Quality Center database.
6. On SAP TAO, consolidate the data into a single component that consists of the transaction code and screen operations.
7. In the HP Quality Center, create a second business process script using the single component.
8. Execute the test script and review it for any discrepancies.
9. Save the components in a directory that you can easily access when you need to update a screen or a transaction.

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Regular Expression for Date and time in QTP/UFT

Regular Expression for Date and time in QTP/UFT

Date Regular Expression:

Format: MM/DD/YYYY

MM: (0[1-9]|1[0-2])

DD: (0[1-9]|1[0-9]|2[0-9]|3[0-1])

YYYY: ([0-9][0-9][0-9][1-9]|[1-9]000|[1-9][1-9]00|[1-9][1-9][1-9]0)


* Assuming that Max year is 9999

Time Regular Expression:

Max Time: 23:59:59
Min  Time: 00:00:00

Hours: ([0-1][0-9]|2[0-3])

Mins: ([0-5][0-9])

Secs: ([0-5][0-9])

Special Character Explanation
| -- OR
Ex: a|b means a or b

( ) -- Used to group multiple regular expressions
[-] -- To specify a range

Ex: 
a[x-z]=ax, ay , az

[a-c][x-z]=ax,ay,az,bx,by,bz,cx,cy,cz

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IMPORTANT QTP INTERVIEW QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

IMPORTANT QTP INTERVIEW QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

IMPORTANT QTP INTERVIEW QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS BY QUICKTESTPROTECH.BLOGSPOT.COM

1. What are the environments supported by QTP?

Ans; Oracle, Siebel, Java, SAP, Terminal Emulator, .Net, PeopleSoft etc

2.   What is dim?

Ans: Visual Basic uses the DIM (or "Dim") statement for any variable declaration. It declares and allocates storage space for one or more variables.

3. What is the difference between dim and redim?

      Ans:  Dim statement is used to formally declare a variable, where 

    as ReDim statement is used to resize a dynamic array that has already been formally declared.

4. What is a check point? What are the types of check points available?

Ans:

It is a verification point that compares the Actual value of the specified property with the expected value for that property of an object

Types of Check Points:

1. Standard Check point

2. Text Check point

3. Text Area Check point

4. Bitmap Check point

5. Table check point

6. Database Check point

7. XML check point

5. How can we insert check points?

Ans:

Inserting Standard Check point:

• Record the application , while recording
• Choose Insert > Checkpoint > Standard Check point
• Place the hand Icon in the respective object for which you want to provide checkpoint
• Click on OK button in the Object selection popup
• Select properties  required to verify during run time in the Checkpoint Properties window
• Specify required options in the dialog box  Then click ok

6. How will you control iteration of Test? 

Ans: Test Iteration can be controlled from the Global Datatable and choosing options from File-->Settings-->Run
 

      7. What is descriptive programming?

     Ans:

QTP cannot take action (Run) on an object until unless its object description is in the Object Repository. But descriptive programming provides a way to perform action on objects which are not in Object repository.

Descriptive Programming can be considered useful in following case:
1.The objects in the application are dynamic in nature
2.When you don’t want to use object repository at all.
3. When object repository is taking more space         

      8. What is a dictionary object? When do we use it?

     Ans:

Dictionary object is similar to a typical array. The difference between a dictionary object and an array is that there is a unique key associated with every item of dictionary object. This unique key can help you in calling that item as and whenever required.

When you want to share data between different actions in a test, dictionary object can be used. To do this you should create a reserved test object for the Dictionary object.

      9. What is a virtual object? When do we use it?

     Ans: Virtual Object wizard we can use configure to non standard object to standard object.

     10. What is GetROProperty? When do we use it?

     Ans: GetROProperty to get the value of an object property during runtime, such as the current list/combo item selection, or the text in a WebEdit.

           

     11. What is GetTOProperty?

    Ans: GetTOProperty returns the value of the property from the test object's description, i.e., the value used   by QTP to identify the object. If the property is not part of the test object's description, a warning will be issued by QTP.

           

     12. What is SetTOProperty?

     Ans: SetTOProperty changes the value of a test object property. Changing the property doesn't affect the OR or Active Screen, but just the way QTP identifies the object during runtime.

     13. Difference between GetROProperty and GetTOProperty

   Ans: 

   GetToProperty: returns the specific property value from the test object   properties descriptions.

     GetRoProperty: returns the current property value of the object during the test run.

     14. Will SetTOProperty permanently change the object properties?

     Ans: No

    15. What is Environment Variable? When and why is it used…explain

       with example

Ans: Environment variables in QTP are like global variables in other programming   languages which can be accessed through any part of the script. The values of these variables remains same irrespective of the number of iterations (unless you change them through scripting). These variables can prove to be very useful when you want a variable to be shared across various reusable actions.

    16. Types of Environment Variables

    Ans: 1. Built-in

            2. User defined

    17. What is parameterization? What are the different ways of Parameterization?

    Ans: The objective of parameterization is executing the scripts with different sets of data.

      Parameterization can be possible in the fallowing ways

     1: Action or test or component parameters

     2: Environment Variables

     3: DataTable

     4: Random numbers

    18. Difference between function and procedure

    Ans: Functions can accept parameters and return a value where as a procedure is a named block of code which accept Parameters and do not return any values.

    19. What is instr function?

    Ans:  The InStr function returns the position of the first occurrence of one string.

    20. What is strcomp function? What is the value returned from the

         function?

     Ans: The strcmp () function shall compare the string pointed to by s1 to the string pointed to by s2.

It returns 0 if equal each other and a nonzero value that indicates which string is greater.

     21. What is trim function?

    Ans: The Trim function removes spaces on both sides of a string. Tip: Also look at    the LTrim and the RTrim functions

     22. What is MID function?

    Ans: The MID () function is used to extract characters from a string.

     23. What is an array?

     Ans: An array is a consecutive group of memory locations that all have the same   name and the same type. To refer to a particular location or element in the array, we specify the array name and the array element position number

      25. What is a sub-routine? Example of sub-routine

     Ans: Set of instructions, given a particular name, that will be executed when the main

   program calls for it.
       A subroutine performs an action, but doesn't return a value.

       Example: To click a button

           

      26. What is the difference between function and sub-routine?

     Ans: A function returns a value whereas a subroutine does not return value.

      29. Elaborate on the types of frameworks

     Ans:

1.       MODULAR TESTING FRAMEWORK

Ø  A modular Testing Framework involves creation of small, independent scripts that represent the modules, sections and functions of the application--under--test (AUT).

2.     KEYWORD-DRIVEN TESTING FRAMEWORK

Ø  This framework requires the development of data tables and keywords, independent of the test automation tool used to execute them and the automation script that "drives" the application-under-test (AUT) and the data.

3.     DATA-DRIVEN TESTING FRAMEWORK

Ø  Data Driven Testing Framework allows large number of tests to be executed quickly using the automation scripts instead of creating large number of scripts for testing individual test conditions where input and output values are read from data files and loaded into variables in the manually coded scripts.

4.     HYBRID TESTING FRAMEWORK

Ø  Hybrid Framework combines the best of Keyword Driven and Data Driven frameworks.

      30. What are Active X Objects?

     Ans: An ActiveX object is an instance of a class that exposes properties, methods, and   

    Events to ActiveX clients. ActiveX objects support the COM. An ActiveX component

    is an application or library that is capable of creating one or more ActiveX objects.

      31. How to handle the exceptions using recovery scenario manager?

     Ans:

 1. Go to TOOLS -> Recovery scenario manager.
 2. Select the trigger event that caused the error (it may be a pop up window).
3. Identify the name of the window with the help of POINTING HAND.
4. Choose the operation type: KEYBOARD OR MOUSE OPERATION.
5. Select the action with the help of POINTING HAND. (E.g. Click on OK button to close   the window.)
6. If you want to add another action then keep "Add another recovery scenario" check box selected else de select it.
7. In the "Post recovery test run option" select "Proceed to next test iteration"
8. Give scenario name & description & click on finish button.
9. Save the scenario.
10. Go to TEST->SETTINGS->SCENARIO TAB....and add the saved scenario.
11. Click on APPLY & OK button               

     32. What is the use of Text output value in QTP?

     Ans:  Output values enable to view the values that the application talks during run  

 time.When paramaterised, the values change for each iteration.Thus by creating output values, we can capture the values that the application takes for each run and output them to the data table.

                       

     33. How to use Object spy in QTP?

     Ans:  Object spy will be used to recognize and read all the objects on the application.

             There are two ways to Spy the objects in QTP
             1) Thru file toolbar ---In the File Toolbar click on the last toolbar button (an icon showing a person with hat).

2) Thru Object repository Dialog ---In Object repository dialog click on the button object spy...

In the Object spy Dialog click on the button showing hand symbol.
the pointer now changes in to a hand symbol and we have to point out the object to spy the state of the object
If at all the object is not visible…or window is minimized then Hold the Ctrl button and activate the required window to and release the Ctrl button.

     34. What is keyword view and Expert view in QTP?

     Ans: QuickTest’s Keyword Driven approach test automation experts
              have full access to the underlying test and object properties via an
              integrated scripting and debugging environment that is round-trip
              synchronized with the Keyword View.
              Testers can view and edit their tests in the Expert View
              which reveals the underlying industry-standard VBScript that
              QuickTest Professional automatically generates. Any changes
              made in the Expert View are automatically synchronized with the
             Keyword View.

     35. Explain the testing process in QTP

Ans:

The QuickTest testing process consists of 6 main phases:

Create your test plan
Prior to automating there should be a detailed description of the test including the exact steps to follow data to be input and all items to be verified by the test. The verification information should include both data validations and existence or state verifications of objects in the application.

Recording a session on your application
As you navigate through your application QuickTest graphically displays each step you perform in the form of a collapsible icon-based test tree. A step is any user action that causes or makes a change in your site such as clicking a link or image or entering data in a form.

Enhancing your test
Inserting checkpoints into your test lets you search for a specific value of a page object or text string which helps you identify whether or not your application is functioning correctly.
NOTE: Checkpoints can be added to a test as you record it or after the fact via the Active Screen. It is much easier and faster to add the checkpoints during the recording process.

Broadening the scope of your test by replacing fixed values with parameters lets you check how your application performs the same operations with multiple sets of data.
Adding logic and conditional statements to your test enables you to add sophisticated checks to your test.

Debugging your test
If changes were made to the script you need to debug it to check that it operates smoothly and without interruption.

Running your test on a new version of your application
You run a test to check the behavior of your application. While running QuickTest connects to your application and performs each step in your test.

Analyzing the test results
You examine the test results to pinpoint defects in your application.

Reporting defects
As you encounter failures in the application when analyzing test results you will create defect reports in Defect Reporting Tool.

      36. How does QTP recognize Objects in AUT?

         Ans:

         QuickTest stores the definitions for application objects in a file called the Object    Repository. As you record your test QuickTest will add an entry for each item you interact with. Each Object Repository entry will be identified by a logical name (determined automatically by QuickTest) and will contain a set of properties (type name etc) that uniquely identify each object.

Each line in the QuickTest script will contain a reference to the object that you interacted with a call to the appropriate method (set click check) and any parameters for that method (such as the value for a call to the set method). The references to objects in the script will all be identified by the logical name rather than any physical descriptive properties.

     37. When will you use shared and local object repository?

       Ans:

 The object repository per-action mode is the default setting. In this mode QuickTest automatically creates an object repository file for each action in your test so that you can create and run tests without creating choosing or modifying object repository files. However if you do modify values in an action object repository your changes do not have any effect on other actions. Therefore if the same test object exists in more than one action and you modify an object's property values in one action you may need to make the same change in every action (and any test) containing the object

      38. What datatable functions do you know?

      Ans:

      Different data table methods are:

1)      AddSheet Method

2)      DeleteSheet Method

3)      Export Method

4)      ExportSheet Method

5)      GetCurrentRow Method

6)      GetRowCount Method

7)      GetSheet Method

8)      GetSheetCount Method

9)      Import Method

10)  SetCurrentRow Method

11)  SetNextRow Method

      39. How do you find the length of the string?

            Ans: 

                  Steps to find number of Characters in a string:

                 1. Use Len () function of VBScript to calculate length of a string, it means number of

                    characters in string.

                   2. Pass the given string in this function and it will return the char count.

      40. How do you convert string to upper case?

            Ans: Use the UCase function and to convert a string to upper-case.

      41. How do you declare an array?

            Ans: Example - Dim myarray(30)

      42. How do you access element of an array?

            Ans: The first element in an array always has the index 0, and if the array has n elements the last element will have the index n-1.

                 Example: Myarray [1]

       43. What are the two ways to initialize an array?

Ans: There are two ways of initializing the arrays: to declare and initialize them in     one statement, or to declare an array and choose to initialize it later.

       44. How do you load an excel sheet into QTP?

            Ans: DataTable.ImportSheet "location of .xls file","sheet in .xls file","sheet in data table"

                    

       45.  What tables are used for data-driven test cases in QTP?

          Ans: Global Sheet and Local Sheet

       46.  Give reasons to use breakpoint?

          Ans:  Breakpoints instruct QUICKTEST to pause a run session at 

predetermined place in a test or function library and QTP   pauses the run (at breakpoint) before executing the step.

       47.  In how many ways can an application be launched?

              Ans: Application can be invoked in 3 ways:

                                                              i.      SystemUtil.Run

                                                            ii.      InvokeApplication

                                                          iii.      VBscript to invoke application

       48. What are regular expressions?

       Ans:

A regular expression is a string that describes or matches a   set of strings. It is often called a pattern as it describes set of strings.

            Example:

1. A backslash (\) instructs QuickTest to treat the next character as a literal character, if it is otherwise a special character.
2. ^ - Matches the beginning of input.
3. $ - Matches the end of input.
4. * - Matches the preceding character zero or more times.
5. . - Matches any single character except a newline character.

            49. Different Stages in BPT

            Ans: Components Identification, Component Automation, Business Process Test Case, Business Process Test Sets  

50. What are the properties you would use for identifying a browser & page when using descriptive programming?

Ans: “name” would be another property apart from “title” that we can use.   OR We can also use the property “micClass”.

 Ex: Browser(”micClass:=browser”).page (”micClass:=page”)….

51. How to write Descriptive Programming?
Ans: There are two ways in which descriptive programming can be used

1. By giving the description in form of the string arguments.
2. By creating properties collection object for the description.

52. How to get the no. of description defined in a collection
A:  Ex: obj_ChkDesc.Count ‘Will return 2 in our case

53. How to remove a description from the collection
A: obj_ChkDesc.remove “html tag” ‘would delete the html tag property from the collection

54. How do I check if property exists or not in the collection?
A: The answer is that it’s not possible. Because whenever we try to access a property which is not defined its automatically added to the collection. The only way to determine is to check its value that is use a if statement “if obj_ChkDesc(“html tag”).value = empty then …”.

         55. Commonly used active x controls in QTP

            Ans:

AcxTable controls

AcxRadioButton

AcxEdit

            AcxComboBox

            AcxCheckBox

            AcxCalender

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